Objective Proficiency p 34. Keys and Vocabulary

Ex 1
cutlery: /ˈkʌtləri/ [uncountable] knives, forks and spoons, used for eating and serving food. E.g. Put the cutlery in the drawer. A stainless steel cutlery set.

 

 

A spork (also known as a foon) is a hybrid form of cutlery taking the form of a spoon-like shallow scoop with three or four fork tines. E.g. The design of the Swedish spork is very clever, as it  gives you a spoon, a fork and a serrated knife all in the one implement.

A knork /ˈnɔrk/ is a hybrid form of cutlery which combines the cutting capability of a knife and the spearing capability of a fork into a single utensil. The word knork is a portmanteau of knife and fork.

A spife (also known as a knoon) is a tool where the blade of a knife is used as the handle of the spoon, often used for cutting kiwi fruit.

 A Splayd (plural 'Splayds') is an eating utensil combining the functions of spoon and fork.

Ex 2 

Suggested answerAppearance: three longer prongs became four shorter ones in the 19th century
Use: ‘shared’ forks became less common in the 19th century; one-handed eating in the 19th century gave way to holding the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right, introduced by the English towards the end of the 19th century.

Vocabulary 

• Implement: /ˈɪmplɪment/a tool or an instrument, often one that is quite simple and that is used outdoors.Instrumento, herramienta. E.g. Agricultural implements.
• Spear something/somebody:  /spɪə(r)/ to throw or push a spear or other pointed object through something/somebody. E.g. They were standing in the river spearing fish. She speared an olive with her fork.
• Prong: each of the two or more long pointed parts of a fork. E.g. A fork has four prongs. 
• Winkle something/somebody out (of something): to get something/somebody out of a place or position, especially when this is not easy to do. E.g. Winkle out shellfish.
• Doge: /dəʊdʒ/ the most important government official of Venice or Genoa in the past.
• Plate: dishes, bowls, etc. that are made of silver or gold. E.g. The family plate.
• Wield something:  to hold something, ready to use it as a weapon or tool. E.g. He was wielding a large knife.
• Effeminate: /ɪˈfemɪnət/ (adj) looking, behaving or sounding like a woman or a girl. Effeminacy: /ɪˈfemɪnəsi/ (n). E.g. King Henry III of France and his companions were satirised for their fork-wielding effeminacy.
• Strive /straɪv/ strove /strəʊv/ striven: to try very hard to achieve something. Esforzarse. E.g. Newspaper editors all strive to be first with a story. She strove to find a solution that was acceptable to all.   
• Broad bean: a type of round, pale green bean. Several broad beans grow together inside a fat pod (a long case filled with seeds). Haba. E.g. They strove to capture the peas and broad beans on their plates. 

• Scoop: (v) to move or lift something with a scoop or something like a scoop. E.g. She scooped ice cream into their bowls. First, scoop a hole in the soil. Scoop out the melon flesh. Scoop: (n) a tool like a large spoon with a deep bowl, used for picking up substances in powder form like flour, or for serving food like ice cream. E.g. Use an ice-cream scoop.

• Bear bore borne somebody/something (old-fashioned or formal): to carry somebody/something, especially while moving. E.g. Three kings bearing gifts. He bore the news.
• Fastidious: /fæˈstɪdiəs/ 1. being careful that every detail of something is correct. Meticulous. E.g. Everything was planned in fastidious detail. He was fastidious in his preparation for the big day. 2. Not liking things to be dirty or untidy. E.g. She wasn't very fastidious about personal hygiene.
• Finger something: to touch or feel something with your fingers. E.g. Gary sat fingering his beard, saying nothing.
• Tine: any of the points or sharp parts of, for example, a fork or the antlers of a deer. Prong. E.g. A fourth tine was added later. 
• In your own right: because of your personal qualifications or efforts, not because of your connection with somebody else. Por tus propios méritos. E.g. She sings with a rock band, but she's also a jazz musician in her own right. His whole family were writers, but he became even more famous in his own right. This hospital is an extremely advanced critical care center in its own right.