- In jeopardy: /ˈdʒepədi/ in a dangerous position or situation and likely to be lost or harmed. E.g. The civil war has put thousands of lives in jeopardy. The future of the school and 50 jobs are in jeopardy.
- Jeopardise sth/sb: /ˈdʒepədaɪz/ to risk harming or destroying something/somebody. E.g. He would never do anything to jeopardize his career.
- Come to terms with sb: to reach an agreement with somebody; to find a way of living or working together. E.g. The enemy was eventually forced to come to terms.
- Come to terms with sth: to accept something unpleasant by learning to deal with it. E.g. She is still coming to terms with her son's death. My grandmother has finally come to terms with living alone.
- Upturn: a situation in which something improves or increases over a period of time. Mejora. E.g. An upturn in the economy. A sharp upturn in the number of tourists visiting the capital. Their fortunes have taken an upturn. The restaurant trade is on the upturn.
Objective Proficiency Edition 2002 p 31. Vocabulary
Ex. 2
Objective Proficiency p 31. Keys and Vocabulary
Paper 1 Part 4
KEY
1 was put in jeopardy OR was put at risk
In jeopardy: /ˈdʒepədi/ in a dangerous position or situation and likely to be lost or harmed. E.g. The civil war has put thousands of lives in jeopardy. The future of the school and 50 jobs are in jeopardy.
Jeopardise sth/sb: /ˈdʒepədaɪz/ to risk harming or destroying something/somebody. E.g. He would never do anything to jeopardize his career.
2 friendship with Paula dates back
3 (any) responsibility for breaking / having broken
4 has finally come to terms with
Come to terms with sb: to reach an agreement with somebody; to find a way of living or working together. E.g. The enemy was eventually forced to come to terms.
Come to terms with sth: to accept something unpleasant by learning to deal with it. E.g. She is still coming to terms with her son's death. My grandmother has finally come to terms with living alone.
5 no expectation of/for an upturn
Upturn: a situation in which something improves or increases over a period of time. Mejora. E.g. An upturn in the economy. A sharp upturn in the number of tourists visiting the capital. Their fortunes have taken an upturn. The restaurant trade is on the upturn.
6 were given / had no choice/alternative/option | but to
KEY
1 was put in jeopardy OR was put at risk
In jeopardy: /ˈdʒepədi/ in a dangerous position or situation and likely to be lost or harmed. E.g. The civil war has put thousands of lives in jeopardy. The future of the school and 50 jobs are in jeopardy.
Jeopardise sth/sb: /ˈdʒepədaɪz/ to risk harming or destroying something/somebody. E.g. He would never do anything to jeopardize his career.
2 friendship with Paula dates back
3 (any) responsibility for breaking / having broken
4 has finally come to terms with
Come to terms with sb: to reach an agreement with somebody; to find a way of living or working together. E.g. The enemy was eventually forced to come to terms.
Come to terms with sth: to accept something unpleasant by learning to deal with it. E.g. She is still coming to terms with her son's death. My grandmother has finally come to terms with living alone.
5 no expectation of/for an upturn
Upturn: a situation in which something improves or increases over a period of time. Mejora. E.g. An upturn in the economy. A sharp upturn in the number of tourists visiting the capital. Their fortunes have taken an upturn. The restaurant trade is on the upturn.
6 were given / had no choice/alternative/option | but to
Objective Proficiency Edition 2002 p 30. Vocabulary
Ex. 1
- Result in sth: to make something happen. Lead to. E.g. The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths. Result in sth/sb doing sth: E.g. These policies resulted in many elderly people suffering hardship. Repeated use of a hammer on a screw may result in it breaking.
- Relish: /ˈrelɪʃ/ to get great pleasure from something; to want very much to do or have something. To enjoy. E.g. to relish a fight/challenge/debate. To relish the idea/thought of something. I don't relish the prospect of getting up early tomorrow. Nobody relishes cleaning the oven.
- Prospect: an idea of what might or will happen in the future. Perspectiva, panorama. E.g. The prospect of becoming a father filled him with alarm.
- Thankless: unpleasant or difficult to do and unlikely to bring you any rewards or thanks from anyone. Ingrato. E.g. Sometimes being a mother and a housewife felt like a thankless task.
- Take somebody to task (for/over something): to criticize somebody strongly for something they have done. E.g. The local newspaper has been taking the city council to task over its transport policy. The policeman took his son to task for throwing the stone through the window.
- The tides turn: to start to come in or go out. E.g. The tide is turning—we'd better get back.
- To turn with every available tide: to change opinion very quickly. E.g. Politicians seem able to turn with every available tide, depending on what suits them.
- Make everyone's head turn: attract attention. E.g. Marilyn Monroe had the ability to make everyone's head turn.
- Turn out: to happen in a particular way; to develop or end in a particular way. E.g. Despite our worries everything turned out well. You never know how your children will turn out. If the day turns out wet, we may have to change our plans.
- Strictly speaking: if you are using words or rules in their exact or correct sense. E.g. Strictly speaking, the book is not a novel, but a short story. Using the word in that context is not, strictly speaking, correct.
- In accordance with something: /əˈkɔːdns/ (formal) according to a rule or the way that somebody says that something should be done. E.g. In accordance with legal requirements. We acted in accordance with my parents' wishes. You must act strictly in accordance with the wishes of your colleagues in this matter, regardless of what you yourself want.
- Distinguish yourself (as something): to do something so well that people notice and admire you. E.g. She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. The soldier managed to distinguish himself in battle, despite his obvious fear beforehand.
- Foothill: a hill or low mountain at the base of a higher mountain or range of mountains. E.g. The foothills of the Himalayas.
- Disgrace: to behave badly in a way that makes you or other people feel ashamed. Deshonrar. Disgrace yourself: E.g. I disgraced myself by drinking far too much. Disgrace somebody/something: E.g. He had disgraced the family name.
Objective Proficiency p 30. Keys and Vocabulary
Paper 1 Part 2 Open Cloze
KEY
1 would/should/could
2 wherever
3 which
4 itself
Lend itself to something: to be suitable for something. E.g. Her voice doesn't really lend itself well to blues singing.
5 did
6 nothing/little
7 by
8 rate
1 open
2 task
3 turn
4 strictly
5 distinguish
6 seriously
A train of thought: the connected series of thoughts that are in your head at a particular time. Hilo. E.g. The phone ringing interrupted my train of thought.
KEY
1 would/should/could
Outward: /ˈaʊtwəd/ connected with the way people or things seem to be rather than with what is actually true. Sp. Exterior. E.g. Mark showed no outward signs of distress. She simply observes the outward forms of religion. To all outward appearances (= as far as it was possible to judge from the outside) they were perfectly happy. There were no outward signs that the house was inhabited.
2 wherever
3 which
4 itself
Lend itself to something: to be suitable for something. E.g. Her voice doesn't really lend itself well to blues singing.
5 did
Chromium: /ˈkrəʊmiəm/ Chromium is a hard grey metal that shines brightly when polished and is often used to cover other metals in order to prevent them from rusting. Cromo. E.g. He covered the bright chromium parts of his camera.
Render: Render sb/sth + adj: to cause somebody/something to be in a particular state or condition. Make. E.g. To render something harmless/useless/ineffective. Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.
Unceasingly: /ʌnˈsiːsɪŋli/ continuing all the time. Incessantly /ɪnˈsesntli/ E.g. Snow fell unceasingly.
6 nothing/little
7 by
8 rate
Rate: a measurement of the speed at which something happens. Velocidad, ritmo. E.g. Most people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.
2002 edition
Paper 3 Part 3
Gapped sentences
Ex 1
- Result in sth: to make something happen. Lead to. E.g. The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths. Result in sth/sb doing sth: E.g. These policies resulted in many elderly people suffering hardship. Repeated use of a hammer on a screw may result in it breaking.
1 open
2 task
- Relish: /ˈrelɪʃ/ to get great pleasure from something; to want very much to do or have something. To enjoy. E.g. to relish a fight/challenge/debate. To relish the idea/thought of something. I don't relish the prospect of getting up early tomorrow. Nobody relishes cleaning the oven.
- Prospect: an idea of what might or will happen in the future. Sp. Perspectiva, panorama. E.g. The prospect of becoming a father filled him with alarm.
- Thankless: unpleasant or difficult to do and unlikely to bring you any rewards or thanks from anyone. Sp. Ingrato. E.g. Sometimes being a mother and a housewife felt like a thankless task.
- Take somebody to task (for/over something): to criticize somebody strongly for something they have done. E.g. The local newspaper has been taking the city council to task over its transport policy. The policeman took his son to task for throwing the stone through the window.
3 turn
- The tides turn: to start to come in or go out. E.g. The tide is turning—we'd better get back.
- To turn with every available tide: to change opinion very quickly. E.g. Politicians seem able to turn with every available tide, depending on what suits them.
- Make everyone's head turn: attract attention. E.g. Marilyn Monroe had the ability to make everyone's head turn.
- Turn out: to happen in a particular way; to develop or end in a particular way. E.g. Despite our worries everything turned out well. You never know how your children will turn out. If the day turns out wet, we may have to change our plans.
4 strictly
- Strictly speaking: if you are using words or rules in their exact or correct sense. E.g. Strictly speaking, the book is not a novel, but a short story. Using the word in that context is not, strictly speaking, correct.
- In accordance with something: /əˈkɔːdns/ (formal) according to a rule or the way that somebody says that something should be done. E.g. In accordance with legal requirements. We acted in accordance with my parents' wishes. You must act strictly in accordance with the wishes of your colleagues in this matter, regardless of what you yourself want.
5 distinguish
- Distinguish yourself (as something): to do something so well that people notice and admire you. E.g. She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. The soldier managed to distinguish himself in battle, despite his obvious fear beforehand.
- Foothill: a hill or low mountain at the base of a higher mountain or range of mountains. E.g. The foothills of the Himalayas.
6 seriously
- Disgrace: to behave badly in a way that makes you or other people feel ashamed. Sp. Deshonrar. Disgrace yourself: E.g. I disgraced myself by drinking far too much. Disgrace somebody/something: E.g. He had disgraced the family name.
Objective Proficiency 2002 p 29. Vocabulary
Ex 3
Ex 4
- Unapologetic: /ˌʌnəˌpɒləˈdʒetɪk/ not saying that you are sorry about something, even in situations in which other people might expect you to. E.g The driver was unapologetic about his bad behaviour. Adv: unapologetically
- Indiscreet: /ˌɪndɪˈskriːt/ not careful about what you say or do, especially when this embarrasses or offends somebody. E.g. An indiscreet comment. It was indiscreet of him to disclose that information. Adv: indiscreetly
- Inexhaustible: /ˌɪnɪɡˈzɔːstəbl/ that cannot be exhausted (= finished); very great. E.g. An inexhaustible supply of good jokes. Her energy is inexhaustible.
- Assertive: /əˈsɜːtɪv/ expressing opinions or desires strongly and with confidence, so that people take notice. E.g. You should try and be more assertive. Assertive behaviour. Unassertive: not assertive. Liz is a very unassertive type of person.
- Tricky: difficult to do or deal with. E.g. A tricky situation.
- Misleading: giving the wrong idea or impression and making you believe something that is not true. Engañoso. E.g. Misleading information/advertisements. It would be seriously misleading to suggest that television has no effect on children.
Ex 4
- Infuriating: /ɪnˈfjʊərieɪtɪŋ/ making you extremely angry. E.g. An infuriating child/delay. It is infuriating to talk to someone who just looks out of the window. Adv: infuriatingly: E.g. To smile infuriatingly. Infuriatingly, the shop had just closed.
- Queue jumping: a situation in which a person moves to the front of a queue to get served before other people who have been waiting longer. E.g. A 57-year-old shopper was in a critical condition after he was attacked inside a supermarket by a man who accused him of queue-jumping
- Jump the queue: (British English) (US jump the line) to go to the front of a line of people without waiting for your turn. Cut in line. Colarse. E.g. As a rule I never jump the queue
- Overcharge: to make somebody pay too much for something. E.g. Make sure they don't overcharge you for the drinks. We were overcharged by £5
- Clear off: to go or run away. E.g. He cleared off when he heard the police siren. You've no right to be here. Clear off!
- Din: a loud, unpleasant noise that lasts for a long time. Estruendo. E.g. The children were making an awful din. We couldn't hear ourselves speak above the din. What a din!
- Bugbear: /ˈbʌɡbeə(r)/ A thing that annoys people and that they worry about. Pesadilla. E.g. Inflation is the government's main bugbear.
Objective Proficiency p 29. Keys and Vocabulary
Ex 4
Unapologetic: /ˌʌnəˌpɒləˈdʒetɪk/ not saying that you are sorry about something, even in situations in which other people might expect you to. E.g The driver was unapologetic about his bad behaviour. Adv: unapologetically
a. unpredictable
b. undeniable
c. unconscious
d. insignificant
e. irreplaceable
f. inexhaustible
Inexhaustible: /ˌɪnɪɡˈzɔːstəbl/ that cannot be exhausted (= finished); very great. E.g. An inexhaustible supply of good jokes. Her energy is inexhaustible.
g. unassertive / non-assertive
Assertive: /əˈsɜːtɪv/ expressing opinions or desires strongly and with confidence, so that people take notice. E.g. You should try and be more assertive. Assertive behaviour. Unassertive: not assertive. Liz is a very unassertive type of person.
Tricky: difficult to do or deal with. E.g. A tricky situation.
h. inconclusive
inconclusive: /ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv/ not leading to a definite decision or result. E.g. inconclusive evidence/ results/ tests. Inconclusive discussions. A coalition government was formed following an inconclusive general election.
Unapologetic: /ˌʌnəˌpɒləˈdʒetɪk/ not saying that you are sorry about something, even in situations in which other people might expect you to. E.g The driver was unapologetic about his bad behaviour. Adv: unapologetically
a. unpredictable
b. undeniable
c. unconscious
d. insignificant
e. irreplaceable
f. inexhaustible
Inexhaustible: /ˌɪnɪɡˈzɔːstəbl/ that cannot be exhausted (= finished); very great. E.g. An inexhaustible supply of good jokes. Her energy is inexhaustible.
g. unassertive / non-assertive
Assertive: /əˈsɜːtɪv/ expressing opinions or desires strongly and with confidence, so that people take notice. E.g. You should try and be more assertive. Assertive behaviour. Unassertive: not assertive. Liz is a very unassertive type of person.
Tricky: difficult to do or deal with. E.g. A tricky situation.
h. inconclusive
inconclusive: /ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv/ not leading to a definite decision or result. E.g. inconclusive evidence/ results/ tests. Inconclusive discussions. A coalition government was formed following an inconclusive general election.
Objective Proficiency p 28. Idioms. Extra Vocabulary
English Idioms on different subjects:
Two heads are better than one: (saying) used to say that two people can achieve more than one person working alone.
On cloud nine: (old-fashioned, informal) extremely happy.
Lemon: a thing that is useless because it does not work as it should. E.g. I have a lemon on my hands, and it's the only car I have.
Fishy: that makes you suspicious because it seems dishonest. Suspicious. E.g. There's something fishy going on here.
Fair-weather: (of people) behaving in a particular way or doing a particular activity only when it is pleasant for them. E.g. a fair-weather friend (= somebody who stops being a friend when you are in trouble)
Shoot the breeze/bull: (North American English, informal) to have a conversation in an informal way. Chat. E.g. We sat around in the bar, shooting the breeze.
Zip your lip: If someone tells you to zip your lip, they want to to shut up or keep quiet about something. ('Zip it' is also used.)
Be all ears: (informal) to be waiting with interest to hear what somebody has to say. E.g. ‘Do you know what he said?’ ‘Go on—I'm all ears.’
Washed up: no longer successful and unlikely to succeed again in the future. E.g. Her singing career was all washed up by the time she was 27. A washed-up actor. Washed-up athletes.
Objective Proficiency p 28. Emotions: Making Sense of Your Feelings. Extra Listening
Mary Lamia joins Forum to discuss her new book on emotions, a kind of interior roadmap for teens and young adults. In this guide to the emotions, Lamia hopes to help her young audience find effective ways to utilize their emotions and understand their turbulent inner worlds.
Objective Proficiency p 28. All, Every, Each. Extra Grammar
In the text on page 28 exercise 2 we come across the expression "every waking moment"
Waking: used to describe time when you are awake. E.g. She spends all her waking hours caring for her mother. He thought of her every waking moment.
All, Every, Each
Fill in the gaps with all, whole, every or each. Add of where necessary.
1. __________ is well.
2. My friends ______ think I'm crazy
3. We __________ think Ann’s working too hard.
4. They are ___________ tired
5. You should __________ get a pen to answer the questions.
6. We _________ went running together
7. ___________ students must wear uniforms
8. ____________ information is confidential
9. ___________ these cars are for sale
10. They weren’t able to stay for the _________ concert
11. After I've been sitting at my computer _______ day I can't wait to go out for a run.
12. I was really surprised when I managed to run the ____________ way
13. There’s a bus ________ ten minutes
14. He had ___________ opportunity to complete the work.
15. We wish you ________ success in your new job
16. Not ___________ chair is broken
17. His team lost almost ________ game
18. She was wearing a fine gold chain on ______ ankle
19. I asked many people and _________ gave the same answer.
20. ___________ the drawings is slightly different
KEY
1. all
2. all
3. all
4. all
5. all
6. all
7. All
8. All
9. All (of)
10. whole
11. all
12. whole
13. every
14. every
15. every
16. every
17. every
18. each
19. each
20. Each of
Theory
All is used when you are thinking of a collection as a whole rather than its individual items.
Every is used to refer to each individual item.
It is often a difference in form more than in meaning. For example, all of us means the same thing as every one of us.
All can be a pronoun all by itself, whereas every cannot. Example:
All is well.
However, we use everyone/everything rather than all by itself
Everyone laughed at his jokes
Everything was a mess
We sometimes use all after the noun it refers to:
- His songs all sound much the same to me.
- My friends all think I'm crazy
Or:
- All of his songs sound…
- All of my friends think...
- We all think Ann’s working too hard.
Or:
- All of us think…
Notice that we usually put all after the verb be and after the first auxiliary verb:
They are all tired.
You should all get a pen to answer the questions.
If there is no auxiliary, we usually put all before the verb:
We all went running together
We use all with plural nouns and uncountable nouns to make very general statements:
All cars have breaks
All students must wear uniforms
All information is confidential
We use all (of) before determiners plus nouns to make more specific statements
All (of) these cars are for sale
All (of) the information you asked for is on our web site
Before singular countable nouns we usually use the whole rather than all the:
They weren’t able to stay for the whole concert ( rather than…for all the concert)
I thought the whole event was brilliant.
Before day/ week/ night/ month/ summer, etc. we prefer all rather than the whole
E.g. After I've been sitting at my computer all day I can't wait to go out for a run.
I might go all week without a run.
We can use all the or the whole before way and time:
E.g. I was really surprised when I managed to run all the way. (or the whole way)
Often we can use every or each with little difference in meaning.
We use every to talk about three or more things or people.
Every means all things or people in a group of three or more.
We use every when we talk about something happening at regular intervals:
Every single day
Every so often
Every now and again (occasionally)
There’s a bus every ten minutes
Take two tablets every four hours
The average Briton moves house once every seven and a half years
We meet twice every Sunday
We use every when we want to emphasize “as many/much as possible” with nouns such as possibility, chance, reason, success.
She has every chance of success in her application for the job
He had every opportunity to complete the work.
We wish you every success in your new job
We use every after virtually, almost, nearly...to emphasise we are talking about a group as a whole. We cannot use each here because each is more targeted on the individual among the totality, every on the totality itself. In consequence, every is subject to quantitative modification.
Almost every candidate was over the age of twenty-five
Almost every chair is broken
Not every chair is broken
His team lost almost every game
We run nearly every day
We use each when we are talking about two or more things:
I only had two suitcases, but each one weighed over 20 kilos.
She was wearing a fine gold chain on each ankle
We use each as a pronoun:
I asked many people and each gave the same answer.
We use each of (not every of) before determiners with plural nouns:
Each of her cars was a different colour
Each of the drawings is slightly different
We feel quite differently about each of our children
We use each of before plural pronouns:
Each of you must work alone
Each one and every one can be used before of instead of each, for emphasis.
This view of poverty influences each one of us
Here and here you will find some explanations
Waking: used to describe time when you are awake. E.g. She spends all her waking hours caring for her mother. He thought of her every waking moment.
All, Every, Each
Fill in the gaps with all, whole, every or each. Add of where necessary.
1. __________ is well.
2. My friends ______ think I'm crazy
3. We __________ think Ann’s working too hard.
4. They are ___________ tired
5. You should __________ get a pen to answer the questions.
6. We _________ went running together
7. ___________ students must wear uniforms
8. ____________ information is confidential
9. ___________ these cars are for sale
10. They weren’t able to stay for the _________ concert
11. After I've been sitting at my computer _______ day I can't wait to go out for a run.
12. I was really surprised when I managed to run the ____________ way
13. There’s a bus ________ ten minutes
14. He had ___________ opportunity to complete the work.
15. We wish you ________ success in your new job
16. Not ___________ chair is broken
17. His team lost almost ________ game
18. She was wearing a fine gold chain on ______ ankle
19. I asked many people and _________ gave the same answer.
20. ___________ the drawings is slightly different
KEY
1. all
2. all
3. all
4. all
5. all
6. all
7. All
8. All
9. All (of)
10. whole
11. all
12. whole
13. every
14. every
15. every
16. every
17. every
18. each
19. each
20. Each of
Theory
All is used when you are thinking of a collection as a whole rather than its individual items.
Every is used to refer to each individual item.
It is often a difference in form more than in meaning. For example, all of us means the same thing as every one of us.
All can be a pronoun all by itself, whereas every cannot. Example:
All is well.
However, we use everyone/everything rather than all by itself
Everyone laughed at his jokes
Everything was a mess
We sometimes use all after the noun it refers to:
- His songs all sound much the same to me.
- My friends all think I'm crazy
Or:
- All of his songs sound…
- All of my friends think...
- We all think Ann’s working too hard.
Or:
- All of us think…
Notice that we usually put all after the verb be and after the first auxiliary verb:
They are all tired.
You should all get a pen to answer the questions.
If there is no auxiliary, we usually put all before the verb:
We all went running together
We use all with plural nouns and uncountable nouns to make very general statements:
All cars have breaks
All students must wear uniforms
All information is confidential
We use all (of) before determiners plus nouns to make more specific statements
All (of) these cars are for sale
All (of) the information you asked for is on our web site
Before singular countable nouns we usually use the whole rather than all the:
They weren’t able to stay for the whole concert ( rather than…for all the concert)
I thought the whole event was brilliant.
Before day/ week/ night/ month/ summer, etc. we prefer all rather than the whole
E.g. After I've been sitting at my computer all day I can't wait to go out for a run.
I might go all week without a run.
We can use all the or the whole before way and time:
E.g. I was really surprised when I managed to run all the way. (or the whole way)
Often we can use every or each with little difference in meaning.
We use every to talk about three or more things or people.
Every means all things or people in a group of three or more.
We use every when we talk about something happening at regular intervals:
Every single day
Every so often
Every now and again (occasionally)
There’s a bus every ten minutes
Take two tablets every four hours
The average Briton moves house once every seven and a half years
We meet twice every Sunday
We use every when we want to emphasize “as many/much as possible” with nouns such as possibility, chance, reason, success.
She has every chance of success in her application for the job
He had every opportunity to complete the work.
We wish you every success in your new job
We use every after virtually, almost, nearly...to emphasise we are talking about a group as a whole. We cannot use each here because each is more targeted on the individual among the totality, every on the totality itself. In consequence, every is subject to quantitative modification.
Almost every candidate was over the age of twenty-five
Almost every chair is broken
Not every chair is broken
His team lost almost every game
We run nearly every day
We use each when we are talking about two or more things:
I only had two suitcases, but each one weighed over 20 kilos.
She was wearing a fine gold chain on each ankle
We use each as a pronoun:
I asked many people and each gave the same answer.
We use each of (not every of) before determiners with plural nouns:
Each of her cars was a different colour
Each of the drawings is slightly different
We feel quite differently about each of our children
We use each of before plural pronouns:
Each of you must work alone
Each one and every one can be used before of instead of each, for emphasis.
This view of poverty influences each one of us
Here and here you will find some explanations
Objective Proficiency p 28. Keys and Vocabulary
Ex 1
infuriating:
/ɪnˈfjʊərieɪtɪŋ/ making you extremely angry. E.g. an infuriating child/delay. It is infuriating to talk to someone who just looks out of the window.
crash:
if a computer crashes or you crash a computer, it stops working suddenly. E.g. Files can be lost if the system suddenly crashes.
be in bad, poor, the worst possible, etc. taste:
to be offensive and not at all appropriate. E.g. Most of his jokes were in very poor taste.
be in good, the best possible, etc. taste:
to be appropriate and not at all offensive.
cross:
annoyed or quite angry. E.g. I was cross with him for being late. Please don't get cross. Let me explain.E.g. The thing that makes me cross the most is when computers keep crashing. As I work from home, I really need my computer and any little problem with it makes me go berserk!
berserk:
/bəˈzɜːk/ very angry, often in a violent or uncontrolled way. E.g. He went berserk when he found out where I'd been.
Arms crossed (also arms folded)
E.g. The photo shows two girls in a playground with arms crossed.
Flush:
to become red, especially because you are embarrassed, angry or hot. E.g. She flushed with anger. A flushed face.
Freeze somebody out (of something):
(informal) to be deliberately unfriendly to somebody, creating difficulties, etc. in order to stop or discourage them from doing something or taking part in something. Women are often silently angry and freeze out the person they are angry with.
Ex 2
E.g. disgust: revulsion, loathing
a. anger:
KEY
revulsion (at/against/from something):
a strong feeling of disgust or horror. E.g. She felt a deep sense of revulsion at the violence. I started to feel a revulsion against their decadent lifestyle. Most people viewed the bombings with revulsion.
loathing (for/of somebody/something):
/ˈləʊðɪŋ/ a strong feeling of hatred. E.g. She looked at her attacker with fear and loathing. Many soldiers returned with a deep loathing of war.
a. rage, fury /ˈfjʊəri/
b. dread, terror
c. bliss, delight
d. sorrow, dejection
sorrow (at/for/over something)
a feeling of great sadness because something very bad has happened. E.g. He expressed his sorrow at the news of her death.
dejection
/dɪˈdʒekʃn/ a feeling of unhappiness and disappointment. E.g. She sat in the corner in utter dejection.
e. incredulity, astonishment
incredulity
/ˌɪnkrəˈdjuːləti/ E.g. a look of surprise and incredulity
astonishment
/əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/ a feeling of very great surprise. Amazement E.g. To my utter astonishment, she remembered my name. He stared in astonishment at the stranger.
f. tedium, apathy
tedium
/ˈtiːdiəm/ the quality of being boring. Boredom. E.g. She longed for something to relieve the tedium of everyday life.
apathy
/ˈæpəθi/ the feeling of not being interested in or enthusiastic about something, or things in general. E.g. There is widespread apathy among the electorate. Public/ political/ student apathy
Ex 3
infuriating:
/ɪnˈfjʊərieɪtɪŋ/ making you extremely angry. E.g. an infuriating child/delay. It is infuriating to talk to someone who just looks out of the window.
crash:
if a computer crashes or you crash a computer, it stops working suddenly. E.g. Files can be lost if the system suddenly crashes.
be in bad, poor, the worst possible, etc. taste:
to be offensive and not at all appropriate. E.g. Most of his jokes were in very poor taste.
be in good, the best possible, etc. taste:
to be appropriate and not at all offensive.
cross:
annoyed or quite angry. E.g. I was cross with him for being late. Please don't get cross. Let me explain.E.g. The thing that makes me cross the most is when computers keep crashing. As I work from home, I really need my computer and any little problem with it makes me go berserk!
berserk:
/bəˈzɜːk/ very angry, often in a violent or uncontrolled way. E.g. He went berserk when he found out where I'd been.
fold your arms (also cross your arms)
to put one of your arms over the other one and hold them against your body. E.g. He stood watching her with his arms folded across his chest. He crossed his arms and stood in the doorway looking hostile.
Arms crossed (also arms folded)
E.g. The photo shows two girls in a playground with arms crossed.
Flush:
to become red, especially because you are embarrassed, angry or hot. E.g. She flushed with anger. A flushed face.
Freeze somebody out (of something):
(informal) to be deliberately unfriendly to somebody, creating difficulties, etc. in order to stop or discourage them from doing something or taking part in something. Women are often silently angry and freeze out the person they are angry with.
Ex 2
What emotions (a-f) do these nouns express?
rage, dejection, revulsion, tedium, bliss, sorrow, fury, dread, incredulity, terror, loathing, astonishment, apathy, delight.
E.g. disgust: revulsion, loathing
a. anger:
b: fear:
c: happiness:
d: sadness:
e: surprise:
f: boredom:
KEY
revulsion (at/against/from something):
a strong feeling of disgust or horror. E.g. She felt a deep sense of revulsion at the violence. I started to feel a revulsion against their decadent lifestyle. Most people viewed the bombings with revulsion.
loathing (for/of somebody/something):
/ˈləʊðɪŋ/ a strong feeling of hatred. E.g. She looked at her attacker with fear and loathing. Many soldiers returned with a deep loathing of war.
a. rage, fury /ˈfjʊəri/
b. dread, terror
c. bliss, delight
d. sorrow, dejection
sorrow (at/for/over something)
a feeling of great sadness because something very bad has happened. E.g. He expressed his sorrow at the news of her death.
dejection
/dɪˈdʒekʃn/ a feeling of unhappiness and disappointment. E.g. She sat in the corner in utter dejection.
e. incredulity, astonishment
incredulity
/ˌɪnkrəˈdjuːləti/ E.g. a look of surprise and incredulity
astonishment
/əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/ a feeling of very great surprise. Amazement E.g. To my utter astonishment, she remembered my name. He stared in astonishment at the stranger.
f. tedium, apathy
tedium
/ˈtiːdiəm/ the quality of being boring. Boredom. E.g. She longed for something to relieve the tedium of everyday life.
apathy
/ˈæpəθi/ the feeling of not being interested in or enthusiastic about something, or things in general. E.g. There is widespread apathy among the electorate. Public/ political/ student apathy
Ex 3
- Rage: (in compounds) anger and violent behaviour caused by a particular situation. E.g. A case of trolley rage in the supermarket. Road rage (a situation in which a driver becomes extremely angry or violent with the driver of another car because of the way they are driving). Air rage (disruptive and/or violent behaviour perpetrated by passengers and crew of aircraft, typically during flight).
- Wild-eyed: glaring in or as if in anger, terror, or madness. E.g. Outbursts of wild-eyed, foaming-at-the mouth fury
- Glare: to look at somebody/something in an angry way. E.g. He didn't shout, he just glared at me silently.I looked at her and she glared furiously back.
- Outburst: a sudden strong expression of an emotion. E.g. An outburst of anger. She was alarmed by his violent outburst.
- Foam at the mouth: to be extraordinarily angry. E.g. She was almost foaming at the mouth when she heard about the cost of the car repairs. Walter was foaming at the mouth with rage.
- Choreograph something: /ˈkɒriəɡrɑːf/ to design and arrange the steps and movements for dancers in a ballet or a show: (figurative) There was some carefully choreographed flag-waving as the President drove by. A set of rules that choreographs our every waking moment.
- Waking: used to describe time when you are awake. E.g. She spends all her waking hours caring for her mother. He thought of her every waking moment.
- Intrude: to go or be somewhere where you are not wanted or are not supposed to be. E.g. I'm sorry to intrude, but I need to talk to someone. Intrude into/on/upon somebody/something: E.g. Legislation to stop newspapers from intruding on people's private lives.
- Pound: to beat quickly and loudly. E.g. Her heart was pounding with excitement. The blood was pounding (= making a beating noise) in his ears. Her head began to pound. A pounding headache. A pounding heart.
- Avert: /əˈvɜːt/ 1. Avert something: to prevent something bad or dangerous from happening. E.g. A disaster was narrowly averted. He did his best to avert suspicion. Talks are taking place in an attempt to avert a strike. 2. Avert your eyes/gaze/face (from something): to turn your eyes, etc. away from something that you do not want to see. Apartar. E.g. She averted her eyes from the terrible scene in front of her.
- Tap (something): if you tap your fingers, feet, etc. or they tap, you hit them gently against a table, the floor, etc, for example to the rhythm of music. E.g. He kept tapping his fingers on the table. The music set everyone's feet tapping. E.g. There are the tension and anxiety-reduction responses, hair-pulling, foot-tapping, getting red in the face and ultimately leaving the scene.
- Defy: /dɪˈfaɪ / Defy belief, explanation, description, etc: to be impossible or almost impossible to believe, explain, describe, etc. E.g. A political move that defies explanation. The beauty of the scene defies description. Some words defy translation.
- Succumb: /səˈkʌm/ to not be able to fight an attack, an illness, a temptation, etc. E.g. The town succumbed after a short siege. They were all offered bribes and some of them succumbed. Succumb to something: His career was cut short when he succumbed to cancer. He finally succumbed to Lucy's charms and agreed to her request. She succumbed to the temptation of another drink. Everyone succumbs to feelings of anger at one time or another.
Objective Proficiency p 28. Anger. Extra Vocabulary
when someone gets uncontrollably angry on a flight.
a slightly angry or impatient feeling - A dog that barks constantly can be a source of annoyance to the neighbours.
(British English, informal) to suddenly become very angry. E.g. Now and again she really goes off on one.
Blow a fuse:
to suddenly become very angry. Sp. Salirse de sus casillas. Explotar, ponerse como una fiera.
Blow your top:
(British English) (North American English blow your stack) (informal) to get very angry.
Feel tense:
feeling nervous and not relaxed, usually because you are worried about what is going to happen.
boiling over with anger (coll. like when steam is coming out of your ears). E.g. Motorists are fuming over the latest petrol shortages.
/ˈfjʊəriəs/ marked by extreme anger or force (He was absolutely _____! the _______ howl of the wind)
/ˈfjʊəri/ violent uncontrollable anger, "Beware the fury of a patient man."
/ˈlɪvɪd/ extremely angry. Furious. E.g. Dad will be livid when he finds out.
Go berserk / mad:
/bəˈzɜːk/ to become violent and uncontrolled because you are very angry - One man went berserk when approached and stabbed two police officers. Sp. Desquiciado, frenético, ponerse hecho una furia.
up the wall
(informal) crazy or angry. E.g. That noise is driving me up the wall. I mustn't be late or Dad will go up the wall.
/bəˈlɪstɪk/ to become very angry. E.g. He went ballistic when I told him.
a feeling of being annoyed or impatient - He felt slight irritation at being kept waiting.
to get very angry.
rag: a piece of old, often torn, cloth used especially for cleaning things.
get the better of somebody:
if a feeling gets the better of you, it becomes too strong to control Finally curiosity got the better of her and she opened the letter. Try to remain calm - don't let your anger get the better of you.
a feeling of being unhappy or angry. You can be in a bad ___ or a good ____.
/ˈhʌfi/ in a bad mood, especially because somebody has annoyed or upset you. Angry and upset because people have offended you or will not do what you want. E.g. She gets all huffy if you mention his name. I told her she'd made a mistake and she got huffy with me.
a strong feeling of anger and shock at something that you feel is wrong or unfair. E.g. The judge's remarks caused public outrage. She was filled with an overwhelming sense of outrage. Environmentalists have expressed outrage at the ruling. Generate outrage. Provoke outrage. Spark outrage. The news was greeted with outrage. Feel outrage. Express outrage. Shopkeepers voiced their outrage at the new tax.
Rage:
very strong and uncontrolled anger - "Most comics make jokes to defend themselves against what they see as a hostile and inhumane world often a deeply felt rage. Blind rage
Blind: (of strong feelings) seeming to be unreasonable, and accepted without question; seeming to be out of control. E.g. blind faith/obedience. It was a moment of blind panic.
Resentment:
an angry unhappy feeling that you have when you think you have been treated unfairly or without enough respect - You seem to be harbouring some resentment against your boss.
grudge:
/ɡrʌdʒ/ grudge (against somebody) a feeling of anger or dislike towards somebody because of something bad they have done to you in the past. E.g. I bear him no grudge. He has a grudge against the world. She has harboured a grudge against me for years. I don't hold any grudges now.
rancour:
/ˈræŋkə(r)/ feelings of hatred and a desire to hurt other people, especially because you think that somebody has done something unfair to you. Bitterness. E.g. There was rancour in his voice. They divorced with remarkably little rancour. She learned to accept criticism without rancour.
bitterness:
angry and unhappy feelings caused by the belief that you have been treated unfairly. Sp. rencor. E.g. The pay cut caused bitterness among the staff. She feels no bitterness towards him. He's never shown any bitterness. His bitterness against/ towards his own father.
road rage:
violence and angry behaviour by car drivers towards other car drivers.
air rage:
/ˈeə reɪdʒ/ a situation in which a passenger on a plane becomes violent or aggressive, usually because of stress or anxiety related to flying.
trolley rage:
describes customers' unreasonably aggressive behaviour towards other shoppers
Throw / have a fit:
to be very shocked, upset or angry. E.g. Your mother would have a fit if she knew you'd been drinking!
Throw/ have a tantrum:
/ˈtæntrəm/ when children behave in an uncontrollably angry manner especially when the answer is 'no'. An occasion when someone suddenly behaves in a very angry and unreasonable way, often screaming, crying, or refusing to obey someone. This word is usually used about children. She _________ when she can't have the toy she wants. Sp. Tener una pataleta, rabieta, un berrinche.
1 [countable, usually singular, uncountable] if somebody has a temper, they become angry very easily. E.g. a violent/short/quick, etc. temper. He must learn to control his temper. She broke the plates in a fit of temper. After an hour of waiting, tempers began to fray (= people began to get angry). To lose one’s temper (with sby): To fail / manage to control your anger. Perder los estribos. An outburst of temper: A sudden strong expression of anger. Un arranque / arrebato de ira.
2 [countable, usually singular] a short period of feeling very angry. E.g. to fly into a temper. She says awful things when she's in a temper. Some small children have terrible temper tantrums.
Fly off the handle:
(informal) to suddenly become extremely angry without a good reason. E.g. He seems to fly off the handle about the slightest thing these days.
Let rip (at somebody):
(informal) to speak or do something with great force, enthusiasm, anger etc. and without control (i.e. shout). E.g. When she gets angry with her boyfriend, she really lets rip at him.The group let rip with a single from their new album.
To become irate:
/aɪˈreɪt/ Very angry. Sp. Indignarse, airado, furioso.
To seethe with anger:
To feel very angry but to be unable or unwilling to express it clearly or openly. Sp. Estar furioso, hervirte la sangre.
To be/get cross (with somebody):
To be annoyed, angry. Sp. Enfadado, enojado. E.g. I was cross with him for being late. Please don't get cross. Let me explain
browned off (with somebody/something)
bored, unhappy and/or annoyed. Fed up. E.g. By now the passengers were getting browned off with the delay.
A heated argument:
A discussion full of anger and excitement. Sp. Una discusión acalorada.
vent something (on somebody)
(formal) to express feelings, especially anger, strongly. E.g. He vented his anger on the referee.
give (full) vent to something:
(formal) to express a feeling, especially anger, strongly. E.g. Children give vent to their anger in various ways. She gave full vent to her feelings in a violent outburst.
To fly into a rage:
To suddenly become very angry. Sp. Ponerse hecho una furia, montar en cólera.
(informal) to scream a lot and very loudly. Sp. Berrear. E.g. Suzy screamed her head off when I told her she couldn't have an ice cream cone. .
To scream blue murder:
to scream loudly and for a long time, especially in order to protest about sthg. Sp. Poner el grito en el cielo. E.g. Readers screamed blue murder when the price of their daily paper went up. Someone took the child's ice cream away and he started screaming bloody murder.
rant and rave:
(disapproving) to show that you are angry by shouting or complaining loudly for a long time. E.g. I get fed up with my mother ranting and raving about my clothes all the time. He ranted and raved for hours. Sp. despotricó durante varias horas.
rant:
to speak or complain about something in a loud and/or angry way. Sp despotricar. E.g. He's always ranting (on) about the government. To rant at sb (=be angry). Sp. despotricar contra algn.
rave (at somebody)
to shout in a loud and emotional way at somebody because you are angry with them. Sp. despotricar. E.g. She was shouting and raving at them.
rave (about somebody/something)
to talk or write about something in a very enthusiastic way. Sp. poner por las nubes. E.g. The critics raved about his performance in ‘Hamlet’.
beef:
(plural beefs) informal (N) a complaint, grievance or disagreement. I have a beef with someone or something over or about something else. E.g. he has a beef with education: it doesn’t teach the basics of investing. What's his beef? What's his latest beef? I have a beef with you about this menu. My beef is you don't have vegetarian food. I had a beef with my teacher about the amount of homework we were getting. Mark had a beef with his wife over parking their car. He thought she always parked it very badly. Listen to this BBC dialogue about this phrase.
beef (about somebody/something)
(informal) (V) to complain a lot about somebody/ something. E.g. Don't just beef about it—do something! He was beefing about how the recession was killing the business.
grievance (against somebody)
something that you think is unfair and that you complain or protest about. E.g. Parents were invited to air their grievances(= express them) at the meeting. He had been nursing a grievance against his boss for months. Harbour a grievance. Have a grievance.
sound off (about something)
(informal, disapproving) to express your opinions loudly or in an aggressive way. Sp. despotricar. E.g. He's always sounding off about falling standards in education. Pietro started sounding off to the press. Maria's always sounding off about politics.
let fly (at somebody/something) (with something)
to attack somebody by hitting them or speaking angrily to them. E.g. He let fly at me with his fist. The teacher really let fly at Jeff. She let fly with a stream of abuse.
abuse:
rude and offensive remarks, usually made when somebody is very angry. Insults. to scream/ hurl (throw)/ shout abuse. A stream/ torrent of abuse. The man burst into a torrent of foul-mouthed racist abuse.
foul-mouthed:
using rude, offensive language. E.g. a foul-mouthed racist.
boil (with something)
if you boil with anger, etc. or anger, etc.boils inside you, you are very angry. E.g. He was boiling with rage.
boil over:
to become very angry. E.g. Racial tensions in the area were boiling over.
/ˈaʊtkraɪ/ outcry (at/over/against something) a reaction of anger or strong protest shown by people in public. E.g. an outcry over the proposed change. The new tax provoked a public outcry. There was outcry at the judge's statement. To raise an outcry about sth: Sp. levantar fuertes protestas por algo.
uproar
/ˈʌprɔː(r)/ [uncountable, singular] a situation in which there is a lot of public criticism and angry argument about something that somebody has said or done. Outcry. E.g. The article caused (an) uproar. Great | mild | emotional uproar. Cause, provoke uproar. The trial proceeded amid uproar. Financial markets were in uproar after the crash of the rouble. The classroom was in an uproar. There was a great uproar over plans to pull down the old library.
furore
/fjuˈrɔːri/ /ˈfjʊərɔː(r)/ (also furor /ˈfjʊərɔː(r)/) [singular] great anger or excitement shown by a number of people, usually caused by a public event. Uproar. E.g. furore (among somebody) His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. Furore (about/over something) the recent furore over the tax increases. Such a major policy reversal is certain to spark a furore among conservatives. Cause, create, provoke a furore His choice of words created quite a furore. The furore which surrounded her appointment as chairman. His resignation passed almost unnoticed amid the furore of the elections. The furore about/over/surrounding the furore over the proposed introduction of tax on fuel. The sale of the two best players caused a furore among the fans.
to let off steam:
To do or say sthg that helps you to get rid of strong feelings or energy. E.g. I went for a long walk to let off steam. Sp. Desahogarse, dar rienda suelta a su indignación o energía.