Objective Proficiency p 36. The Growing of Mangoes in India. Listening

Everyday and for two months in most parts of India temperatures have 1__________ to over 40 degrees Celsius. This is considered to be perfect 2_____________ weather for the mango, but it is also perfect 3___________ weather for humans. In India people eat 4______________ and mangoes are everywhere. In the markets, they’re beautifully arranged, 5________________ according to variety on big wide 6______________ baskets. Mangoes are especially grown in the north of  Calcuta. I 7_______________ to an old family estate in which there are a number of the original 8______________ and which is 9______________ around an old 10___________________
house. Against the exotic 11______________ of the coconut palm and the banana plant, the mango tree looks like a 12______________ evergreen oak. It has a massive, 13________________ and can easily grow to a height of sixty feet. Many of them were planted over a hundred years ago. Thanks to the Moghul dynasties there is an amazing diversity of mangoes available now. The Nawabs, who cultivated the fruit in Bengal, were great 14______________ people and they missed their apricots and their melons. Therefore, they 15_________________ the mango. In the decline of the Moghul empire, the Nawabs moved southward with their mangoes, they gave them the most romantic and poetic names like ‘passari’, the loved one, ‘begum pasan’, the Nawab’s 16__________________ …

KEY 


1. soared
Soar: /sɔː(r)/ if the value, amount or level of something soars, it rises very quickly. Dispararse. E.g. soaring costs/prices/temperatures. Air pollution will soon soar above safety levels. Unemployment has soared to 18%.





 
2. ripening



3. wilting  
wilt: /wɪlt/ 1. If a plant or flower wilts, or something wilts it, it bends towards the ground because of the heat or a lack of water. Sp. Marchitarse. 2. To become weak or tired or less confident. E.g. The spectators were wilting visibly in the hot sun. He was wilting under the pressure of work. 



4. seasonally



5. stacked up 
Stack (something) (up): to arrange objects neatly in a pile; to be arranged in this way. E.g. To stack boxes. Logs stacked up against a wall. Do these chairs stack? Stacking chairs.



6. wicker: (U) thin sticks of wood twisted together to make baskets, furniture, etc. Sp. Mimbre. E.g. A wicker chair. Wicker baskets.



7. headed out



8. orchards



9. laid out
Lay out: to plan how something should look and arrange it in this way. Sp. Trazar. E.g. The gardens were laid out with lawns and flower beds.



10. indigo-planter’s
Indigo: /ˈɪndɪɡəʊ/ 1. a tropical plant of the pea family, which was formerly widely cultivated as a source of dark blue dye. 

2.very dark blue in colour. E.g. An indigo sky.

11. foliage 



12. shiny-leaved



13. gnarled trunk
Gnarled: /nɑːld/ twisted and rough; covered with hard lumps. Sp. Retorcido. E.g. A gnarled oak/ branch/ trunk.

14. fruit-loving 

15. cross-pollinated

Cross-pollinate: to move pollen from a flower or plant onto another flower or plant so that it produces seeds. E.g. They cross-pollinated the mango.

16. wife’s favourite