Close-up p 118. Listening. Vocabulary

 bounce ideas (off somebody)/(around) to tell somebody your ideas in order to find out what they think about them

• He bounced ideas off colleagues everywhere he went.

conscientiously adverb   /ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəsli/       ​in a careful and correct way. E.g.  She performed all her duties conscientiously.

The protégé effect is the idea that, when students explain study material to others, it reinforces their understanding.

thoroughly adverb     /ˈθʌrəli/ completely and with great attention to detail

• Wash the fruit thoroughly before use.
• The work had not been done very thoroughly

 

Close-up p 115. Reported Speech

Do you keep a diary?

Would you like to keep one?

What are the benefits of keeping a diary?


We are going to read a diary. Try to answer these questions:

• When and where in history was this diary written?
• What sort of person does this diary belong to? Young or old? Famous or not famous?
• What’s going on in this person’s life right now?

__________________________________________________________________________
REPORTED SPEECH. Report what the diary writer writes:

ONE
Around 8pm I heard shouts from people's windows. The collective chanting is...




a form of self-empowerment.

 
E.g. He said that around 8 pm he had heard...





TWO
The world is quiet, and the silence is...



horrifying. I live alone, so I can only tell there are other human beings around from...



the occasional noises in the corridor.

 
THREE
Going out makes me feel that I am still...



connected to the world. It's very difficult to imagine how elderly citizens living alone and people with disabilities will get...



through this.

 
FOUR
One of my goals is not to fall 



sick, so I have to make myself exercise. Food is crucial to survival too, so 



I have to know whether there is enough supply.

 
FIVE
Many more people are wearing  



masks. Friends have told me to stock 



up on supplies. Rice and noodles have almost 



sold out.

 
SIX
The government hasn't said how long the lockdown 



will last, nor how we can carry on functioning. People are saying it might 



last until May.

 
SEVEN
After going home, I washed 



all my clothes and took 



a shower. Personal 



hygiene is 



important - I think I am washing my hands 



20 to 30 times a day.

 
EIGHT
On the first day of the lockdown, I couldn't write anything about it on social 



media. Internet censorship has existed for a long time here, but now it feels even more cruel.

_________________________________________________________
I’m sure you’ve guessed the situation. 
This is a diary from a citizen of 


Wuhan, the Chinese city that 



was at the epicentre of the outbreak of 



the new coronavirus. In January 2020, the Chinese government imposed 



a lockdown to prevent an 



epidemic. 



This was the first known instance in modern history of locking down a city the size of London.
 

Click here to read Guo Jing’s diary extract on the BBC website.

- Rewrite similar diary entries about your own country, which is experiencing a similar lockdown situation. 

E.g. 
Our government has forbidden us to go out to do sport.

The health authorities have recommended wearing masks

The media insists that we stay at home and be patient.

The security services demand that we follow the rules and regulations


- Make a list all the problems and concerns that people must be experiencing right now.


E.g. Shoppers complain about the lack ...



of toilet rolls.


At 8.00 pm people go out on their balconies to congratulate 



the health services for their efforts. 


Family members remind one another ...



to keep fit.


I admit to...



having the fridge door always open. 


- Which of the things we have mentioned do you find most difficult to deal with

Possibilities include:

• The fear of falling ill
• The loneliness
• Anger
• The silence of the city
• Having limited access to outdoors
• Worrying about friends and loved ones
• Having to pay such detailed attention to personal hygiene
• Not knowing how long the lockdown will last
• Worrying about food supplies

A video from the Wuhan lockdown:

https://youtu.be/t_PSSTP8ROg 


  


Thanks for joining this videoconference.
 Stay safe and have a great weekend.
  :)



 
 

Class Diary 19-12-19

- In class:

 

p24, p 25

Close-up p 31. Writing: Christmas Scrapbook.

(180 words). Deadline  21Jan

- HW:

Close-up p 31. Writing: Christmas Scrapbook.

(180 words). Deadline  21Jan

- Read an article/short story (weekly). 

- Presentation (Feb).

- Book Fair (17 Dec)


- Announcements:

- Speaking: Thursdays: 16-17, 18-19
- Language exchange English-Spanish
- Get ready for the Book Fair (17 Dec)
- Get ready for your presentation (Feb)
- What's on guide

- Questions to discuss in our next session:

Close-up p 18. Society. Speaking

Class Diary 17-12-19

- In class:

Close-up p 18. Brooklyn. Extra Listening

- HW:



4. Mediation: Write a review comparing two adverts. Useful vocabulary here:

Close-up p 31. Adverts. Mediation

(180 words). Deadline 19 Dec

- Read an article/short story (weekly). 

- Presentation (Feb).

- Book Fair (17 Dec)


- Announcements:

- Speaking: Thursdays: 16-17, 18-19
- Language exchange English-Spanish
- Get ready for the Book Fair (17 Dec)
- Get ready for your presentation (Feb)
- What's on guide

- Questions to discuss in our next session:

Close-up p 18. Society. Speaking

Close-up p 103. The Natural World. Oral Mediation

A friend of yours from England has been asked to write a contribution to Nature magazine . His assignment is to write about the natural world in Spain. While doing his research, he came across these pictures on Google related to nature and wildlife in Spain. He sends them to you so that you can shed some light on them. Your friend also asks you some questions about this topic. You decide to send your friend a voice message with an explanation of 2 minutes.

 

1. Could you please comment on the pictures I have sent you? Could you discuss what different aspects of the natural world they are depicting?

2. Why are certain animal and plant species in danger of dying out in Spain? What is being done to prevent animals from becoming extinct in Spain? Are there any endangered species in your area?

3. Is your government concerned about the environment? What environmental policies has your government introduced?

4. What are some of the main dangers facing the Spanish coasts and the creatures that live on them? Have there been any developments in your area that have endangered wildlife? What are the consequences of deforestation on the Spanish coast?

5. What is the Spanish consumers' stand on factory farming? Do consumers tend to buy free range chickens and eggs?

6. What is the Spanish people's opinion of zoos?

7. What is the situation in your area as regards recycling?

8. Are Spanish pet owners responsible generally speaking? What complaints do they normally get? What responsibilities does having domestic pets entail in Spain? What is done about the problem of mistreated or abandoned animals in your region?

9. In what ways do oil and plastic in your seas threaten marine life? What is being done to cut down on the plastic debris that goes into your sea?

10. Do Spaniards feel very strongly about abolishing blood sports?

11. Is your area affected by environmental problems of any other sort?

Useful language to describe a chart:
 
This chart illustrates how...
This chart compares...
The results that are shown in the chart are...
As can be seen from these results, ...
According to this chart, 
From the data in the above chart, it is apparent that ...
We can see on this chart how... 
The chart indicates that...
The chart represents...
The information given in the chart...
The percentage of people who... is shown on the chart.  
The chart shows quite clearly the impact of..

Class Diary 12-12-19

- In class:

Listening p 28

- HW:



4. Mediation: Write a review comparing two adverts. Useful vocabulary here:

Close-up p 31. Adverts. Mediation

(180 words). Deadline 19 Dec

- Read an article/short story (weekly). 

- Presentation (Feb).

- Book Fair (17 Dec)


- Announcements:

- Speaking: Thursdays: 16-17, 18-19
- Language exchange English-Spanish
- Get ready for the Book Fair (17 Dec)
- Get ready for your presentation (Feb)
- What's on guide:  film series on Tuesdays


- Questions to discuss in our next session:

Close-up p 28. Key Word Transformations

Class Diary 10-12-19

- In class:

Vocabulary p 22, 23

- HW:



4. Mediation: Write a review comparing two adverts. Useful vocabulary here:

Close-up p 31. Adverts. Mediation

(180 words). Deadline 19 Dec

- Read an article/short story (weekly). 

- Presentation (Feb).

- Book Fair (17 Dec)


- Announcements:

- Speaking: Thursdays: 16-17, 18-19
- Language exchange English-Spanish
- Get ready for the Book Fair (17 Dec)
- Get ready for your presentation (Feb)
- What's on guide:  film series on Tuesdays


- Questions to discuss in our next session:

Close-up p 23. Science. Speaking

Close-up p 100. A Contribution To a Guidebook On Food Trends. Word Formation

 

A new year means new food and certain trends guide the global food industry. It is traditional. This inexact science, a blend of research, intuition and (1)_____________ (WISH) thinking might, depending on your point of view, seem either (2)_________ (HARM) or ridiculous. But it has been lucrative for many businesses. People follow the latest fads. When Instagrammable stuff gets old, they (3)__________ (INSTINCT) look for the next thing.

Special occasion dining

When we do dine in, it will be (4)___________ (MEMORY). More exclusive types of dining experiences in the dining room—think tasting menus, private dining experiences that go above and beyond with ingredients and access. People will go out for a truly (5)_____________ (FORGET) dining experience where they feel safe and can expect an experience (6)____________ (LIKE) anything they’ve had before. Dining out is starting to feel really special again—tasting menus with wine are an example.

This year will bring two (7)______________ (POLARISE) approaches to dining. One that embraces the need for simpler, comforting and soul-(8)__________ (NOURISH) cuisine and the other that functions as an escape and embraces (9)____________ (FRIVOLOUS)—allowing patrons to be both fancy and indulgent.

Individualized tasting menus

As diners feel more and more comfortable going out, the same old menus just won't cut it any more. Dining out will really become something (10)_______________ (SEEK) out for a unique experience. They want something created just for them, making it truly a reason to get out of the house and celebrate.

Small-group private dining will become more (11)_______________ (PREVAIL). Restaurants that can provide safe, intimate spaces for small groups will be more (12)___________ (SUCCESS).

 

At-home restaurant experiences

This year many restaurants across the globe had to quickly pivot towards expanding into takeout and (13)___________ (DELIVER), and this trend is not going away any time soon. It will evolve as chefs are creating new and interesting ways to bring the restaurant experience to life at home for guests. At our restaurants, paella became one of the most popular items on the to-go menus. The paella pan fits perfectly into a pizza box, while keeping the rice hot, so you had this element of presentation you'd get in the restaurant.

Restaurant-style meals (14)___________ (PACKAGE) for the family will definitely keep trending in the year to come. Plant-based, healthy vegetarian dishes with (15)__________ (SEASON) ingredients and global flavour are here to stay in the future. (16)______________ (WONDER) curated meals with soul, taste, and creativity can be picked up at a favourite restaurant and ready on the table in a split second.

 

More virtual cooking classes

Online, chef-driven virtual cooking classes will continue to expand this year. Many people will keep this fun way to get together with friends and family and be entertained at home while preparing a good meal and cooking along with a chef.

With everyone having been hunkered down, more and more people started cultivating their own food resources and began cooking more as well. There is a (17)_________ (THIRSTY) for knowledge again that we saw 10 years ago where cooking classes were really popular. 

Condiments

With so many more people preparing more meals and washing more dishes than they have in decades, cooking with condiments and sauces will be a big trend. Whether you make your own chimichurri or sauerkraut or buy chili crisp by the bag-load, adding pre-prepared flavour to simple ingredients means dinner comes together easier and is often more exciting to eat. Plus condiments often have long shelf lives and can be stretched over a number of meals.

Comfort food

The trends are going towards comfort and (18)___________ (SIMPLE). This is due to the pandemic, and everyone looking for a sense of comfort and (19)_________ (NORMAL). Anything that reminds them of what it used to be like. Classic pizzas (no pineapple), burgers without a bunch of crazy (20)___________ (TOP), real tacos (not fancy wraps), old-fashioned barbecue, mac and cheese, country fried steak, fried catfish, biscuits and gravy … you name it, as long as it tastes good, someone else makes it, and it’s not at your house!

TLC

Without perspective and acts of (21)____________ (KIND), we won’t move forward as a society. No longer is it appropriate and enough to treat customers coldly and (22)_______________ (PERSON). If you can connect someone to a venue, a publication, a brand opportunity etc., that might be the very thing that helps a business or a person survive.

More fermenting, preserving, and canning

 (23)________________ (FERMENT) is becoming really big again, same with canning and preserving. We saw a huge climb in this technique during COVID (24)______________ (LOCK), and it allowed us to still be able to support our farms. We were able to buy ingredients farmers had on-hand. We spent a lot of time indoors, so we canned, preserved, pickled and fermented as much as we could. I think a lot of us fell in love again with this way of preparing food.

Restaurant industry overhaul

Restaurants need to (25)____________ (UNDER) a complete transformation because they currently are unstable and (26)_________________ (SUSTAIN). This truth has been being realized for years and reached its current zenith during the pandemic. What has emerged from the trauma and turmoil of our (27)______________ (COLLECT) stresses has been restaurants pivoting towards models that are more hybrid, take out, and curated (28)___________ (GROCER). This change is quite (29)____________ (POSSIBILITY) permanent. These models are an evolution that is at the vanguard of what's possible. We have seen a refocus on community and combating food access. Politics and social (30)_____________ (HIERARCHICAL) that have clouded that purpose are being put to bed in favour of an (31)_______________ (AWAKE) to a universal realization. That food and the service of it are an integral part of our being and not a luxury. While elegant dishes and the (32)____________________ (BEAUTY) of food is not going anywhere—nor should it—we find that food is becoming (33)_____________ (APPROACH) and (34)______________ (EGALITARIANISM) again. Community (35)___________ (REACH) and (36)_________________ (CHARITY) initiatives will be part and parcel of the new model. One can hope that one of the gifts of this (37)_____________ (TUMULT) pandemic years will be a more (38)____________ (EQUITABLY) future. Many (39)____________ (VULNERABLE) in restaurants were exposed, but we also came together like never before.

There will be an emphasis on practices to support the health and vitality of the restaurant industry, including an examination of overall price and tipping structures. Businesses will have continued conversations with consumers on how they can help promote (40)____________ (SUSTAIN) in the industry. We’ll see even more (41)___________ (RELY) on local sourcing and investing in the local economy. Chef collaboration and conversations to promote greater understanding of culture and cooking. 

Destination restaurants

Given the current circumstances of things, it seems that more and more people will be looking to seek refuge from the city and search out dining destinations in more (42)_______________ (SECLUSION) areas where they can have a high quality experience with a bit more space to themselves. Between the need for open spaces and restrictions on international travel, domestic and drive-to destinations will become much more popular.

 

Hygiene precautions

Even after everyone’s vaccinated, we won't see restaurants overbooking and (43)_________ (CRAM) as many guests in as possible for a few years at least. (44)___________ (SANITISE), spacing, and an overall concern for the guests' comfort levels will remain a high priority. 

All we know is that we are (45)______________ (AWARENESS) of what the future holds in store. This pandemic has been tough, and the (46)_____________ (DEVASTATE) to small businesses is too great to measure at this moment. However, as we've seen throughout history possibly the greatest (47)______________ (INNOVATE) and evolution will happen after tragic and (48)_____________ (TRAUMA) events. 

KEY

 1. wishful

 

 

 

2. harmless

 

 

3. instinctively 

 

 

4. memorable 

 

 

 

5. unforgettable

 

 

 

6. unlike 

 

 

 

7. polarising 

 

 

 

8. nourishing 

 

 

 

9. frivolousness/ frivolity

the quality of behaving in a silly way and not taking anything seriously: We can't completely blame young people for their frivolousness. They criticised the frivolousness of the entertainment industry

 

 

 

10. sought 

 

 

 

11. prevalent

prevalent: common, widespread  

 

 

 

12. successful 

 

 

 

13. delivery 

 

 

 

14. packaged 

 

 

 

15. seasonal 

 

 

 

16. Wonderfully  

 

 

 

17. thirst

 

 

 

18. simplicity  

 

 

 

19. normality

 

 

 

20. toppings 

 

 

 

21. kindness 

 

 

 

22. impersonally 

 

 

 

23. Fermentation 

 

 

 

24. lockdowns 

 

 

 

25.undergo

 

 

 

26. unsustainable

 

 

 

27. collective

 

 

 

28. groceries

 

 

 

29. possibly

 

 

 

30. hierarchy

 

 

 

31. awakening

 

 

 

32. beautification

 

 

 

33. approachable

 

 

 

34. egalitarian

 

 

 

35. outreach

 

 

 

36. charitable

 

 

 

37. tumultuous

 

 

 

38. equitable

 

 

 

39. vulnerabilities

 

 

 

40. sustainability

 

 

 

41. reliance

 

 

 

42. secluded

 

 

 

43. cramming 

 

 

 

44. Sanitation 

 

 

 

45.unaware

 

 

 

46. devastation

 

 

 

 

47. innovations

 

 

 

48. traumatic