On Screen SB p 28. Gerunds and Infinitive. Grammar Exercise

 1. I arrived only ____________ (FIND) that the others had already left



KEY

to find

only to

used to say that someone did something, with a disappointing or surprising result. 

E.g.

She took a taxi in order to be on time, only to find that the meeting had been postponed.

 

2. He works long hours; he is always the first ___________ (ARRIVE) and the last ______________ (GO).

 

KEY

to arrive

 

to go

 



After the first, the second, the third,... we use to+infinitive.

E.g.
I was the first in my family to go to college.
Sheila and Jim were the first to arrive.

 

3. He is the youngest person _______________ (HOLD) the position of artistic director.

 

KEY

 

to hold

We use to+inf after superlatives.

E.g.

He was the oldest person to climb Mount Everest.

 

4. Inflation ________________ (RISE) by 5% by end of year

 

KEY

 

to rise

We use to+infinitive in newspaper headlines referring to the future.

E.g.

Funding for small businesses to go up in 2022

 

 

5. He won't be so silly as ______________ (DIVULGE) his secret to the world 

 

KEY

 

to divulge

We use to+infinitive after the expressions so kind as/ so silly as 

E.g.

He's not so silly as to do that  

Would you be so kind as to send me those letters? 

 

6. I finally found out how _______________ (USE) my new device.

 

KEY

 

to use 

We use to+infinitive after verbs such as ask, decide, explain, find out, learn, want to know,... when they are followed by a question word (who, whom, which, what, when, where, how...) 

E.g.

Have they decided when to launch their new product?


7. You needn't _____________ (BOOK) your ferry ticket in advance

 

KEY

 

book

We use infinitive without to with need as modal verb. 

E.g.

You needn't worry

(BUT You don't need to worry)


8. His parents made him ___________ (STUDY) hard.

 

KEY

 

study

make sb do sth

E.g.

They made me work every day.  

 

9. The politician was made __________ (RESIGN) after the scandal.

 

KEY

 

to resign

be made to do sth   

E.g.

I was made to stand up. 

 

10. She would rather ____________ at home 


KEY

 

stay

would rather/sooner do sth (same subject)

would rather/sooner sb did sth (different subjects)

would rather/sooner have done sth (same subject)

would rather/sooner sb had done sth (different subjects)

 

11. He had better ___________ (not/eat) so much junk food. 

 

KEY

 

not eat

had better+ do

 

12. I saw him ______________ (CROSS) the street

 

KEY

 

cross (I saw the whole action)

crossing ( I only saw part of the action)

 

13. He was seen _____________ (GET) into a white van.   

 

KEY

 

to get (I saw the whole action)

getting ( I only saw part of the action)

 

be seen, be noticed, be watched, be heard+ to do sth

 

14. He did nothing but __________ (SEND) emails all day

 

KEY

 

send

do+everything/ anything/ nothing+ except/but do

 



15. Why not ____________ the authorities about this?



KEY



inform  

why (not) + do sth (for suggestions)

Why not go to the beach?

 

16. He didn’t dare ____________ (SAY) what he thought.

 

KEY

 

(to) say

dare: to be brave enough to do something:  

E.g.

dare (to) do something

They don't dare (to) ask 

 

17. I daren’t _______________ (TELL) her the truth.

 

KEY

 

tell 

 

When used like a modal verb is followed by an infinitive without to 

E.g.

They daren't ask for any more money. 

 

18. Don't you dare ___________ (GO) to Paris without me!

 

KEY

 

go

dare expressing threats, warning, anger, ... is followed by infinitive without to. 

E.g.

Don’t you dare talk to me like that!

Don't you dare say anything to anybody.

 

19. How dare you _____________ (ACCUSE) me of lying!

 

KEY

 

accuse

dare expressing threats, warning, anger, ... is followed by infinitive without to.  

How dare you make fun of me like that! 

How dare you talk to me like that?

 

20. Some of the older boys had dared him _________________ (DO) it. 

 

KEY

 

to do

dare expressing challenge is followed by to-infinitive: dare somebody to do something

E.g. 

They dared Ed to steal a bottle of his father’s whiskey

So jump, then. I dare you.    

 

21. I appreciate _______________ (HAVE) your advice. 

 

KEY

 

having

appreciate+ -ing



E.g.

I appreciate having the opportunity to discuss these important issues with you.
I don't appreciate being treated like a second-class citizen.

 

22. She admits to __________ (BE) strict with her children.

 

KEY

 

being

admit (to) being

 

23. I must confess to ______________ (KNOW)  nothing about golf.  

 

KEY

 

knowing

confess to + -ing

He confessed to having a secret admiration for his opponent.

 

24. He delayed ____________ (TELL) her the news, waiting for the right moment.   

 

KEY

 

telling

delay doing something

E.g. Big companies often delay paying their bills.   

 

25. Ben knew he would miss _____________ (WORK) with Sabrina. 

 

KEY

 

working

miss+ -ing

E.g. I haven't missed smoking like I expected to.  

 

26.   It was an unpopular decision to postpone ________________ (BUILD) the new hospital.

 

E.g.

postpone+ -ing

E.g. They’ve decided to postpone having a family for a while.

 

27. I recollect ___________ (SEE) Ryder some years ago in Bonn.

 

KEY

 

seeing

recollect /ˌrekəˈlekt/ to remember something, especially by making an effort to remember it.  

 

28. These families risked ________________ (LOSE) everything.  

 

KEY

 

losing

risk+ -ing

E.g.

They may even risk losing their homes.

 

29. He always shirks ___________ (DO) the household chores.


KEY


doing

shirk+ -ing

 

shirk /ʃɜːk/ to avoid doing something you should do, especially because you are too lazy.  Sp.  eludir.

E.g. He always shirks going to the dentist. 

 

30. Tracey suggested ______________ (MEET) for a drink after work.

 

KEY

 

meeting 

suggest + -ing

E.g.     

If there is a mechanical problem, we suggest contacting the manufacturer directly.

 

31. I loathe __________ (DO) housework.

 

KEY

 

doing

loathe+ -ing: to dislike somebody/something very much. Detest.

I absolutely loathe shopping. 

 

32. He detests ___________ (HAVE) his photograph taken. 

 

KEY

having

detest + -ing

E.g.

I detest having to get up when it's dark outside.  

 

33. He bitterly resents ___________ (BE) treated like a child. 

 

KEY

 

being

resent + -ing: to feel bitter or angry about something, especially because you feel it is unfair. Sp. ofenderse, molestarse, estar resentido.

E.g. I resented having to work such long hours.

 

34.  James is busy __________ (PRACTISE) for the school concert.

 

KEY

 

practising

 

35. It's no use ___________ (WORRY) about the exam results. You'll know soon enough.  

 

KEY

 

worrying

It's no use + -ing: there is no point in doing something

 

36.  It’s no good ___________ (TELL) him – he won’t listen.

 

KEY

 

telling

It’s no good + -ing 

used to say that an action will not achieve what it is intended to achieve.

 

37. She realized there was no use _____________ (ARGUE) with him. 

 

KEY

 

arguing

 

there’s no use (in) doing something: used for saying that something you do is not likely to have a successful result. 

 

38. We were pretty disappointed to have lost the championship game, but there's no point __________ (CRY) over spilt milk. We just have to train harder for next season! 

 

KEY

 

crying

 

there's no point (in) (doing something): Some particular action will serve no purpose or will not yield any worthwhile results. 

cry over spilt milk: to waste time worrying about something that has happened that you cannot do anything about.

E.g.
As the saying goes—it's no use crying over spilt milk. 

 

39. I had no difficulty ______________ (MAKE) myself understood. 

 

KEY

 

(in) making

have difficulty (in) + -ing

E.g.

I had considerable difficulty (in) persuading her to leave.  

 

40. I hope to get round to _______________ (ANSWER) your letter next week. 

 

KEY

 

answering

get round to doing something: to find the time to do something  

 

41. I really object to ____________ (BE) charged for parking. 

 

KEY

 

being

object to doing something: to feel or say that you oppose or disapprove of something. Sp. oponerse, no estar de acuerdo.

E.g. I strongly objected to having to rewrite the article.

 

42. I'll never forget ___________ (HEAR) this piece of music for the first time.

 

KEY

 

hearing

forget doing something: to be unable to remember something that has happened in the past.

 

43. I didn’t mean ____________ (UPSET)  you.

 

KEY

 

to upset

mean to do something: to intend to do something.

E.g.

I’ve been meaning to ask you if you want to come for a meal next week.

 

44. My new job will mean ____________ (TRAVEL) all over the world.    

 

KEY

 

travelling

mean doing something: to have a particular result or involve something.

E.g.

Dieting also means being careful about which foods you buy.

 

45. If you want to feel better why don't you try  ________ (EAT) more fruit and vegetables.

 

KEY

 

eating

try doing something: to do something in order to see if it is good.

E.g.

-John isn't here and I would like to speak to him. 

- Why don't you try phoning his mobile.

 

46. Once the chef had prepared the main course, he went on ______________ (MAKE) the dessert.

 

KEY

 

to make

go on to do something: to do something after completing something else.

E.g.
The book goes on to describe his experiences in the army.
After her early teaching career she went on to become a doctor. 

 

47. At the meeting he proposed ____________ (CHANGE) the name of the company.

 

KEY

 

changing

 

propose doing something:suggest.

E.g.

The report also proposes expanding the airport.

 

48.  I'd advise _____________ (BUY) your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.   

 

KEY   

 

buying

advise doing something

advise somebody to do something

E.g. 

Doctors advised the patient to have surgery.    

      

 

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