Close-up p 37. Key Word Transformations

1. After suffering a chastening defeat, he realized he had to knuckle down.
SOCKS 

Only when ______________________________________________ up.



KEY
Only when he suffered a chastening defeat did he realize he had to pull his socks up.

chastening /ˈtʃeɪsnɪŋ/ making somebody feel sorry for something they have done. Sp. aleccionador.

• It was a chastening experience.
• She gave them a chastening lecture.
• The party suffered a chastening defeat in the elections.

 

2. She was not expecting that a flash flood would impoverish her family.
RENDER
Little ________________________________________________________________ destitute. 




KEY
Little did she expect that a flash flood would render her family destitute.  



3. Even though Simon is very talented, they have described his spell in Broadway as a somewhat traumatic experience.
STINT
Despite _____________________________________________________________ described as a somewhat harrowing experience.




KEY
Despite all his talent, Simon's stint in Broadway has been described as a somewhat harrowing experience.



4. As soon as I had arrived, he began a very serious and sincere conversation with his father.
STRUCK
No ________________________________________________ earnest conversation with his father. 



KEY

No sooner had I arrived than he struck up an earnest conversation with his father.



5. We too often see community soup kitchens appearing everywhere suddenly. 
SPRINGING
Too _____________________________________________________________ mushrooms on a forest floor. 




KEY
Too often do we see community soup kitchens springing up like mushrooms on a forest floor.