Do Ex 1
Prefer:
We can use a prepositional phrase with to when we compare two things or actions:
I prefer tea to coffee.
We prefer going by ferry to flying.
We don’t use than after prefer:
She prefers books to magazines.
Not:
She prefers books than magazines.
When we want to say that we would like to do one thing more than another, we can introduce the second thing with rather than, followed by an infinitive without to:
I’d prefer to go skiing this year rather than go on a beach holiday.
When we are talking about our preferences for the actions of another person, we can use would prefer + object pronoun + to-infinitive or would prefer it if + past simple:
They’d prefer us to come later. (or They’d prefer it if we came later.)
Would you prefer me to drive? (or Would you prefer it if I drove?)
We make comparisons using to or rather than, not just than:
A lot of young people prefer computer games to football. (or A lot of young people prefer computer games rather than football.)
Not:
A lot of young people prefer computer games than football.
Rather than usually occurs between two things which are being compared. However, we can also use it at the beginning of a sentence. When we use rather than with a verb, we use the base form or (less commonly) the -ing form of a verb:
Rather than pay the taxi fare, he walked home. (or Rather than paying the taxi fare, he walked home.)
necessary:
necessary for somebody to do something It doesn't seem necessary for us to meet.
have sb do sth: give orders. Make sb do sth.
Our boss had us tidy up our desks
Related link: Key Word Transformations
Adjectives + to-infinitives have this structure:
Adjective + (noun/noun phrase) + to-infinitive + …
The most commonly used adjectives are: clever, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, nice, possible, right, strange, wrong…
- You are clever to stop working there, they don’t pay you enough.
- It is very difficult for me to breathe because it smells horrible.
- It isn’t easy to ride a horse that behaves badly.
- It was really hard to find our way here.
- She found it impossible to learn to play the piano.
- It was nice to see you looking so happy!
- How is it possible to be this tired?
- You were right to say that to him, he shouldn’t talk to you like that.
- It would be strange to see you with short hair.
- He was wrong to think that she ever cared.
1. to suggest a plan, an idea, etc.
propose that…
E.g.
She proposed that the book be banned.
She proposed that the book should be banned.
propose doing something
E.g.
He proposed changing the name of the company.
2. to intend to do something
propose to do something
E.g.
What do you propose to do now?
propose doing something
E.g.
How do you propose getting home?
Do Ex 2
contend: /kənˈtend/
contend that… (formal) to say that something is true, especially in an argument. Maintain. Sp. sostener., afirmar.
E.g,I would contend that the minister's thinking is flawed on this point.
bearing on something the way in which something is related to something or influences it. Sp. relación, relevancia.
E.g.
Recent events had no bearing on our decision.
Regular exercise has a direct bearing on fitness and health.
Her comments didn’t have much bearing on the subject.
That has no bearing on the present matter. Sp. Eso no tiene relevancia en el tema
This has a direct bearing on our future. Sp. esto influye directamente en nuestro futuro
Exercise has a direct bearing on how healthy you are
scope: the range of things that a subject, an organization, an activity, etc. deals with. Sp. ámbito.
beyond the scope of something
E.g.
This subject lies beyond the scope of our investigation.
outside the scope of something
E.g.
These issues were outside the scope of the article.
consume: to fill somebody with a strong feeling.
be consumed with something Carolyn was consumed with guilt.
consume somebody Rage consumed him
After the accident Joe was consumed with guilt. Sp. Después del accidente, Joe sentía un enorme cargo de conciencia.
engulf somebody/something to affect somebody/something very strongly.
E.g.
Fear engulfed her.
Relief engulfed the patient when the doctor delivered the good news. Sp. El alivio envolvió al paciente cuando el médico pronunció la buena noticia.
staunch: /stɔːntʃ/ always showing strong support in your opinions and attitude. Faithful. Sp. acérrimo, devoto.
E.g.
a staunch supporter of the monarchy
one of the president’s staunchest allies
a staunch Catholic
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